Summary: ASEAN-10 countries broadly experienced loss of net external wealth in 2021, with the loss being the smallest for major oil producers such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The gap in net external wealth between the richer and the poorer countries further widened, as the poorest nations in the region (Myanmar and Cambodia) experienced steep […]
In times of uncertainty, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, policymakers are compelled to make high-risk and quick decisions that may go against their broader policy mandates. At the onset of the pandemic, the Indian government mandated a clearance requirement for new FDI projects from land-border sharing economies. It was widely understood that these new FDI […]
Summary: The Chinese government officially launched the integration of the Greater Bay Area in 2017, with the aim of building Hong Kong, Macau and nine mainland cities into a competitive urban agglomeration. With the advancement of this strategy, inward FDI flows increased to other GBA cities as well. Post the Covid-19 pandemic, the recovery in […]
Summary: In 2021, Singapore experienced a strong rebound in outward greenfield investments, mainly through investments in real estate, retail and the setting-up of data centres. The recovery in Singapore’s greenfield FDI outflows overtook most of the other top Asian investors. Highlights: Article By GEORGE, Ammu Graphic By Yixuan GE
Internationalization is a major strategic component of most business firms’ activities (Meilin, 1992), and key models of internationalization tend to describe it as taking place gradually and in distinct stages (Boisot and Meyer, 2008; Johanson & Vahlne, 1990; Meilin, 1992; Vernon, 1966). During their internationalization process, firms shift progressively from low involvement (e.g., exporting) to […]
Summary: To propel the economic development of the Greater Bay Area, China’s State Development and Reform Commission signed the “Framework Agreement on Deepening Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cooperation in the Development of the Greater Bay Area” in 2017. The involvement of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau governments in this agreement marks the beginning of integrated development in […]
Summary: Since the November 2015 launch of the automatic route for foreign direct investments under the ‘Make in India’ initiative, greenfield FDI flows to India increased substantially. FDI through the automatic route does not require approval from the Government of India. The eased FDI norms enabled India to become the 9th largest recipient of FDI […]
Singapore has long been lauded internationally for its public housing policies and 90% home ownership rate, one of the highest in the world for a market economy. The public housing system is based off the Housing and Development Board model and prioritises housing security, reduction of neighbourhood inequalities, and high home ownership rates. Additionally, Singapore’s private housing market has also proven many attractive qualities for both […]